Roulette, often referred to as the “queen of casino games,” is one of the most famous and popular gambling games worldwide. Its name originates from the French word “roulette,” meaning “small wheel.” This game combines the simplicity of rules with excitement and elegance, making it attractive to a wide range of players.
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History of Roulette
The origins of roulette date back to the 17th century when French mathematician and physicist Blaise Pascal, in his attempts to create a perpetual motion machine, designed a device resembling a roulette wheel. Although his effort to build a machine of continuous motion was unsuccessful, his invention became the foundation for modern roulette. The first recorded mentions of roulette as a gambling game come from Paris in 1796.
During the 19th century, roulette spread throughout Europe and America. During this expansion, two main versions of the game emerged: European (or French) roulette and American roulette. The primary difference between them lies in the number of zeros on the wheel—European roulette has one zero, while American roulette adds a double zero, increasing the house edge.
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Rules of the Game
Roulette is played on a special table featuring a spinning wheel and a betting layout. The wheel is divided into 37 segments in European roulette (numbered 0 to 36) or 38 segments in American roulette (with an additional double zero). The numbers alternate between red and black, with the zero marked in green.
Players place their bets on the betting layout, which displays individual numbers and various betting combinations. Bets are divided into two main categories:
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Inside Bets:
These bets focus on specific numbers or small groups of numbers. Examples include:
- Straight Up Bet: A bet on a single number.
- Split Bet: A bet on two adjacent numbers.
- Street Bet: A bet on three numbers in a row.
- Corner Bet: A bet on four numbers forming a square.
- Six Line Bet: A bet on two adjacent rows of three numbers.
Outside Bets:
These bets cover larger groups of numbers, offering lower payouts but higher chances of winning. Examples include:
- Color Bet: Red or black.
- Odd or Even Bet: Betting on odd or even numbers.
- Low (1–18) or High (19–36) Bet.
- Dozen Bet: The first (1–12), second (13–24), or third (25–36) set of twelve numbers.
- Column Bet: One of the three vertical columns on the betting layout.
Once bets are placed, the croupier spins the wheel in one direction and releases a small ball in the opposite direction along the outer edge of the wheel. As the ball loses speed, it lands in one of the numbered and colored pockets. Payouts are made based on the number or group of numbers where the ball lands, in accordance with the payout odds of each bet.
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Variants of Roulette
There are three main variants of roulette:
- European Roulette: This version has 37 numbers (0–36) and is the most common variant in European casinos. Thanks to the single zero, it offers players better odds compared to the American version.
- American Roulette: This version has 38 numbers (0, 00, 1–36), with the added double zero increasing the house edge, making it less favorable for players.
- French Roulette: Similar to the European version but with some rule variations and a different table layout. It features special rules such as “La Partage” or “En Prison,” which can reduce the house edge for certain bets.
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Roulette is a fascinating game with a rich history and simple rules, attracting players worldwide. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced gambler, its elegance and excitement always deliver a unique experience.
